Hashtag Activism: The Politics of Our Generation

This post originally appeared on December 2, 2014 written by Kelly Ehrenreich.

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November was a tumultuous time for feminism. 

The results of last month’s midterm elections gave way to a Republican majority in Congress for the first time since 2008. A week later, TIME published a piece suggesting that the word “feminist” be banned for the year based on its overuse namely by celebrities who dare to support gender equality in public.

Roxane Gay, author of Bad Feminist, pointed out the bitter irony in the juxtaposition of these two events:

For the most part, though, the past twelve months have been a banner year for feminism in media. Take for instance  #YesAllWomen, #YouOKSis and #GamerGate, all of which trended and garnered national media recognition. Then, there’s Beyoncé who stood firmly on the Video Music Awards stage with the word FEMINIST emblazoned on a screen behind her. Take also men like Aziz Ansari who announced to the world that men too can and should be feminists.

Aziz Ansari talks about being a feminist, & a child of immigrants by @feministabuloushttp://t.co/hKLlyO5EIf

— la tula cuecho (@LissetteMiller) October 8, 2014

Though the word “feminism” has managed to permeate mainstream discourse, despite TIME magazine’s critique, we’ve yet to achieve anywhere near gender or racial equity in society writ large.

The fundamental principles of feminism; that all humans are equal and should be treated as such regardless of gender, race or class, is no more feasible politically now than from a year ago.

How can we reconcile feminism’s popularity of the past year with the principles of feminism that we carry out in our everyday lives?

Despite the fact that many are talking about feminism and declaring gender and racial equality and justice an important value, voting demographics this past election season don’t seem reflect these views.  

Addressing the Disconnect

Critics of the millennial generation and those skeptical of social media as tools for organizing may consider this year’s voter turnout demographics as proof that hashtag activism doesn’t really matter. There has been no shortage of think pieces discussing popular hashtag trends and social movements posing the same question over again: “Does hashtag activism really make a difference?”

It’s a fair question. While #NotMyBossBusiness and #HobbyLobby swept across Twitter just a few months ago, politicians who voted against women’s health like Mitch McConnell and Pat Roberts were re-elected in the midterms. Wendy Davis’ filibuster in pink tennis shoes was all the rage on Twitter last year. #StandWithWendy trended globally, yet on November 4th she lost handily to Greg Abbott and captured a meager 32% the white women vote.

#Ferguson has been a major trend this year ever since 18-year-old Michael Brown was shot and killed by a police officer on August 9th. When the Missouri grand jury announced late last month a decision not to indict Mike Brown’s killer, #FergusonDecision, #BlackLivesMatter, and#HandsUpWalkOut trended and sparked massive offline action.

Even now Americans are protesting in the streets outside of St. Louis and across the country mourning Michael Brown’s death and demanding that their voices be heard and seen. These protest, largely organized online and by young people remind the world of this country’s painful history of violence against black and brown people.

How is that we have mass protests around the country, where people from all walks of life demand equality, equity, and justice, yet there are still those who march to the polls, casting votes for politicians to repeal the Affordable Care Act, limit Medicare and Medicaid, give tax cuts to wealthy, and silence those most marginalized?

A New Kind of Activism

Let me state the obvious: tweets ≠ votes. But does that mean hashtag feminism  or any kind social activism online doesn’t matter?

Of course not.

As @deray notes in this CNN piece on the power of #Ferguson, hashtags are a community, they are where we gather to share our experiences and hear stories we could not get anywhere else, whether it be in our own communities or from a cable news outlet. The Guardian calls hashtags a “rallying cry of a new generation’s quest for racial justice”.

There is no greater evidence of this rallying cry than what we have seen emerge along the #Ferguson and #YouOKSis tags. Both tags have been led and purveyed by feminists, particularly women of color, that have magnified stories and garnered the kind of attention mainstream media often ignores.

If media critics are still looking for hard evidence that social media activism matters but aren’t yet convinced by the sheer number of tweets this year, take a look at From #RenishaMcBride to #RememberRenisha.

Though hashtag activism looks different than other political and social movements of the past, this new(er) form of activism still faces similar challenges as previous generational movements. At times, activism can be a slow-moving, incremental process. There are always small victories. A surge of opposition doesn’t mean total defeat; it means there’s more work to be done.

Unlike movements before, hashtag activism doesn’t necessarily use the language of politics. It may not always use the language of revolution, resistance, rebellion either. More often than not, however, the power of hashtag feminism and hashtag activism lies in it’s real-time telling of intimate stories and ironic truths.

Hashtags have the power to locate the particulars of human experience. Though not always correlative in terms of congressional seats, hashtag activism locates where our stories are told overtime in 140-characters and measured by acts of empathy and resistance that follow. Our conversations, revelations, relationships, growth, and enlightenments: None of these should be discounted or discouraged.

What Comes Next

Despite those who argue that this generation of social activists are nothing more than social media users with strong opinions, one only need to look at feminist Twitter, where women and men go to bat for marginalized people and communities everyday, on and offline. Caring isn’t the problem, and neither is this new(er) form of activism.

"A system cannot fail those it was never meant to protect." W.E.B. Du Bois #Ferguson

— Elizabeth Plank (@feministabulous) November 25, 2014

this is why voting matters. voter registration is how they fill jury pools, including grand jury pools. serving jury duty is important.

— Fatniss Evaaahdeen (@meadowgirl) November 25, 2014

The Future of Politics and Hashtag Activism

Though this year was a setback in many ways for progressives and feminist political ideals, there have been some steps forward. Alma Adams became the 100th woman of the 113th Congress, marking the largest number of women to serve in Congress simultaneously.

A few things to consider for the future of hashtag feminism and its potential impact on the political landscape:

1. Tweeting about something does not necessarily bring about political change.

2. Hashtag feminism may preach to the choir, but we still have to take our choirs offline and out into the community.

3. Representation in the media is key and hashtags, in many ways, disrupt mainstream media narratives about marginalized communities and unjust legislation.

4. Online communication by way of hashtags can help birth a new generation of understanding, empathy, and acceptance.

What do you think? What does #F mean in relationship to politics to you? How does or should one affect the other? Can hashtag activism change the political system? If so, can it do so fast enough? Will a political revolution ever and ultimately be attributed to a hashtag? Has #Ferguson and #BlackLivesMatter already proven the power of a hashtag to blend online and offline activism?

2013: The Year of the Feminist Hashtag #FeminismMeans #F

This post originally appeared on December 30, 2013 written by founder, Tara L. Conley.

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On December 23, 2013 Hashtag Feminism released a comprehensive analysis of this year’s top feminist hashtags. Among the most widely cited hashtags of 2013 include, #TwitterFeminism,#NotYourAsianSidekick, #fem2, #femfuture, #BeyonceThinkPieces, #MyFeminismLooksLike,#SolidarityIsForWhiteWomen, and #FastTailedGirls. I explain more about the meanings and evolution of these hashtags HERE.

The list is in no way meant to represent a definitive statement about which feminist hashtags were considered “the best” of this year. Rather, the purpose of the analysis was to trace how the meaning of these hashtags evolved over time, along with celebrating the most widely used feminist hashtags that primarily functioned to gather information, share stories and wit, and talk back to the status quo.

Now that our stories are arguably more visible than before, I wonder, as does blogger and self-identified Generation Y-er, Jenn of @reappropriate wonders, how might hashtag-ing in this millennial moment impact broader social movements concerned with equality and justice?

#Feminism

It is often noted that the primary uses of hashtags are to build brands, campaigns, and follow trends. As we enter into a new(er) era of social activism and advocacy, what meta meanings do we attach to feminism by way of the hashtag?

When #BlackPowerAsianPeril debuted last week as a way to talk about “shared goals” and bridge-building between Black and Asian American communities, I wondered about how this hashtag, or rather critical conversations around the hashtag, might impact how we go about addressing racism (colonization and discrimination) poverty, and mental health issues (access and stigma) shared among both diverse communities.

I think #BlackPowerYellowPeril will REALLY scare the white supremacists tomorrow. I'm even reading up on historical divide.

— Suey (@suey_park) December 25, 2013

The archiving of feminist-leaning thought and practices didn’t begin in 2013, but this year marked a moment in history when nuanced critical conversations traveled outside of Twitter and into online and offline mainstream media contexts. That #NotYourAsianSidekick appeared in Time, Al Jazeera America, ABC, and BBC, and that #solidarityisforwhitewomen and #solidarityisforblackmenappeared on NPR, among other outlets, might indicate that broader audiences are paying more attention to our stories than ever before.

But this sort of online political and social activism isn’t without criticism. Often when we see critics come out against hashtags as a mark of new activism, we find arguments that set up what I believe to be a false binary between real vs. not-really-real change.

Kai Ma’s uninformed piece on #NotYourAsianSidekick in Time may be an example of a critique that presents a false binary without further exploration. Ma writes,

I’m all about not being your Asian sidekick — I support and applaud the platform — but can we please move from digital activism to social change?

I’m not sure what Ma mean’s when she asserts that we “move from digital activism to social change” Does she mean change as in legislative impact (see #StandWithWendy)? Community impact (see #RenishaMcBride)? Societal impact (see #Jan25, #Arabspring, #Egypt)?

Maureen O’Connor’s piece in NYMag.com asks can feminist hashtags dismantle the state? setting up a similarly polarizing argument. Sure enough, the Twitterverse responded:

#TheMediumIsTheMessage

Perhaps critics of the medium have a point about how meaning, particular associated with certain hashtags, gets lost in often contentious spaces of #Twitterfeminism. I’d argue, however, that heated exchanges about the lives and politics of individuals have always been contentious. If you sit two people in a room, face-to-face, with different life stories and political philosophies, chances are they’ll likely at some point disagree with one another. And if these same individuals enter into the room with their minds already set on how the other person thinks and experiences, then surely finding shared goals between the two will be difficult to accomplish. The absence of mediated channels doesn’t necessarily mean the absence of ego.

Twitter doesn’t make it more difficult for people to understand one another or build movements, people do.

In a moment of 140-character thoughts and context-driven hashtags with lack of context clues, the medium actually requires more from us. We have to sit with Twitter just as we would with an epic poem, yet we marinate on these texts for different reasons. I’m not as quick to blame Twitter as I am more thoughtful about the way I use Twitter to think through personal and political issues with complete strangers. At times, for me, some things are better left untweeted, and instead quietly reflected upon.

We’re all trying to situate our selves in this moment, always trying to carve out a digital space, sometimes at the cost of our sanity. Twitter isn’t for everyone, nor should it be, and that’s OK.

Because Twitter asks more of me as I grapple with meaning, I tend towards an observational and reflexive stance. And because the hashtag exists, I can better parse through the myriad of constantly updated conversations related to how others grapple. Now that we have the ability to search and archive these conversations with tools like Topsy, Keyhole, and others, it makes for an even more enriching observational experience. For the very first time since I joined Twitter in 2008, I can temporarily leave Twitter to sit with the feminist media of Twitter.

Parsing, observing, and curating is how I grapple with #Twitterfeminism.

#FeminismMeans

I have a pretty good working definition of what #FeminismMeans to me, which is largely informed by my experiences,

1. growing up in a Midwestern working class interracial family, taking care of an aging parent.

2. fighting for fair and equal treatment as an elementary, middle school, high school, and college female athlete.

3. studying Chicana feminism, Black feminist thought, and feminist spiritualities at a Texas state graduate institution.

Though I’m not so sure about how my working definition of feminism fits in with the 1,847+ other working definitions of feminism, informed by the 1,847,000+ other life experiences out there in the ether.

I readily admit that I don’t exactly know what #FeminismMeans to others with which I share a digital and social community. I suspect that how we understand and do feminism varies according to how we grew up and came of age.

I also suspect that my “brand” of feminism isn’t shared by others, which is why, at this point in my life I try very hard to first relate my life experiences to another individual rather than falling prey to policing someone else’s “brand” of feminism. It’s not easy, and I’m not always right.

#FeminismMeans different things to different people at different moments in their lives. And because language changes and evolves #FeminismIs, at times, a moving epistemological and ontological target. #FeminismIsNot, especially in 2013, an homogenous concept. The genre of feminist hashtags is proof that conceptually, feminism consists of many different, and often fluctuating parts. #Feminism, at times, amounts to an abstraction, a “thing” that many of us continue to grapple with because “it” isn’t something easily reflected in mainstream contexts.

Maybe #twitterfeminism hasn't built part of mvmnt you participate in but Feminism is not so flat that you can make that general statement.

— Jessica W. Luther (@scATX) December 23, 2013

"Allowing only women you agree or identify with to have a voice is not feminism or sisterhood, but something else. It's spite" @TanyaGold1

— Stephanie (@ArtfullyAdored) December 27, 2013

#HashtagFeminismIs

This is why Hashtag Feminism exists, so that as a collective, we zoom out and then parse through the conversations, debates, and dialog to build a picture of what feminism might look like during an Obama and millennial era. Hashtag Feminism is for the futurist feminist archivist who, in 100 years looks back at this digital moment and understands why the hashtag marked an important meta political stance in 2013.

Though someone like Maureen O’Connor might view Hashtag Feminism, a website primarily dedicated to archiving and exploring critical conversations, as greeting card folly, I think otherwise.

[T]rend-chasing websites that arrange The Best Tweets From #WhateverHashtag into listicles only seem to amplify the giant-stack-of-greeting-cards perception of Twitter activism. Even the most profound of one-liners start to seem vapid when you’re reading Bartlett’s Quotes cover-to-cover like a novel.

Hashtag Feminism isn’t so much about listing for the sake of listing, or calling out people for the sport of it, it is (as @BattyMamzelle so poignantly tweeted) about ‘collecting receipts’. We are a space that allows for more time to observe and reflect upon a wide range of personal and political issues that emerge by way of Twitter and other social media spaces.

Hashtag Feminism is my little digital space carved out.

If 2013 is the year of the feminist hashtag; the year that we grappled and reckoned with the Other’s lived experiences, then let 2014 be the year when #FeminismMeans actively and deliberately transforming so we can be better to ourselves and for our shared communities.

Top Feminist Hashtags of 2013 (Explained) #F

This post originally appeared on December 29, 2013 written by founder, Tara L. Conley.

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In case you need a quick reference guide about what some of your favorite feminist hasthags of 2013 mean and how they evolved over time, here ya go!

#TwitterFeminism – First appeared three years ago but it’s meaning has since evolved into an umbrella term that, depending on who you ask encompasses all that is right, or all that is wrong with feminist discourse on Twitter.

The #twitterfeminism backlash isn’t really about social media vs. “real feminism.” It’s a few white cis ladypundits fearful it’s working.

— Melissa Gira Grant (@melissagira) December 19, 2013

#NotYourAsianSidekick – First appeared on December 14, 2013 and was created by @suey_park as a way to engage in a critical conversation about Asian American feminism. To date,#NotYourAsianSidekick is one of the fastest growing feminist hashtags to spread globally.

I will never apologize for being angry about your racism. #NotYourAsianSidekick

— Alyssa Wong (@crashwong) December 16, 2013

#fem2 – First appeared on December 15, 2008 when @blogdiva responded to a tweet about what to call feminism on Twitter. Ever since, the hashtag has grown and continues to be the longest running, widely used, and consistently referenced feminist hashtag on Twitter.

Justice Sotomayor will trigger ball drop on #NYE! Love that an amazing woman will help ring in 2014. #Fem2 #NYE2014 http://t.co/ho0HGucdza

— Jaclyn Munson (@OnwardnFword) December 30, 2013

#femfuture – First appeared on December 18, 2009 when @shelbyknox tweeted a request for a hashtag that describes the work of young feminist activists. The hashtag is now widely associated with Femfuture.com.

Launch of something like femfuture once again reminds me how centered most of feminism is in a single location, even when talking online.

— Jessica W. Luther (@scATX) April 8, 2013

#BeyonceThinkPieces – First appeared on December 18, 2013 and was created by @adriananova_in response to the flood of articles, blog posts, and analyses published about Beyonce and her latest album. The hashtag is perhaps one of the most humorous and witty feminist-leaning hashtags to come out of 2013.

I Woke Up Like This: How Beyonce Is Erasing The Voice Of Women Who Wrap Their Hair At Night #beyoncethinkpieces

— Brokey McPoverty (@brokeymcpoverty) December 18, 2013

#MyFeminismLooksLike – First appeared on December 14, 2013 and was created by @prisonculture, again inspired by Beyonce’s record-breaking album. The hashtag celebrates the various ways feminism looks according self-identified feminists.

This evening, #myfeminismlookslike (I don't do photos so…) pic.twitter.com/dSsAwJDi9b

— Prison Culture (@prisonculture) December 15, 2013

#SolidarityIsForWhiteWomen – First appeared on August 12, 2013 and was created by @Karnythiain response to status quo feminism and Hugo Swytzher. The hashtag continues to evolve.

.@anidifranco holding a retreat on a plantation exemplifies #solidarityisforwhitewomen in the worst way possible.

— mj (@munachao) December 28, 2013

#FastTailedGirls – First appeared in 2010 but it’s meaning has since transformed from a commonly used pejorative to demean Black girls, to now cited as one of the fastest growing hashtags that explores the lifestories of Black women’s sexuality, thanks in large part to its primary purveyor @Karnythia.

At it's core, #FastTailedGirls is blaming children for the actions of grown men. Don't wear this, don 't move like this…just don't exist.

— Reagan Gomez (@ReaganGomez) November 30, 2013

#BlackFemMusic Trends Globally, Missy Elliott Retweets #F

This post originally appeared on December 23, 2013 written by Hashtag Feminism’s first head writer, Kelly Ehrenreich.

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Beyonce garnered lots of attention this week after releasing her latest album in secret. Many have pointed to Bey’s dominance in the last year. The highlights include: singing the National Anthem at President Barack Obama’s second inauguration, SHUTTING DOWN THE SUPERBOWL, and winning her 17th Grammy, thereby becoming the third most honored female artist in Grammy history.

Seriously.

The latest tribute to Beyonce’s power came from News & Then, a PBS program that started a Twitter chat using the hashtag #BlackFemMusic, which then trended globally by this afternoon.

#BlackFemMusic is a chat w/ @dreamhampton @thetrudz @feministajones @Blackamazon@karnythia on Black feminism in music. 11 am EST, 12/23.

— News and Then (@NewsAndThen) December 20, 2013

#BlackFemMusic was inspired by the lively debate that #Beyoncé‘s latest album has sparked about what feminism is and who can be a feminist.

— News and Then (@NewsAndThen) December 23, 2013

That is, #Beyoncé is one of many Black women producing feminist/womanist texts through music, and part of a longer tradition #BlackFemMusic

— News and Then (@NewsAndThen) December 23, 2013

Beyoncé has always upset mainstream feminism; message isn’t “generic.” Does tend to speak to BW intersectional experiences. #BlackFemMusic

— Trudy (@thetrudz) December 23, 2013

The discussion about Beyonce and her role in the Black feminist music world led to further conversations about other influential #BlackFemMusic artists, what is means to be a Black feminist, and what the music of Black feminism represents.

#BlackFemMusic shows the world that Black women are beautifully diverse, amazingly talented, and have stories to tell.

— A$AP Feminist (@FeministaJones) December 23, 2013

The five invited experts and hundreds of Twitter users created lists of current and past inspiring #BlackFemMusic including Lauryn Hill, Erykah Badu, Tina Turner, Janet Jackson, Missy Elliott, Salt-N-Pepa, TLC, Eartha Kitt, Aretha Franklin, Diana Ross, Queen Latifah, Eve, Lil Kim, Nina Simone, Betty Davis, Tracy Chapman, Lady Saw, Joi, and Ashanti.

One of the mentioned #BlackFemMusic artists, Missy Elliott, even joined the conversation, RT’ing several fans who praised her influence and individuality in hip-hop.

RT @FeministaJones: @MissyElliott Defied beauty standards, brought raw sexuality/sensuality &writer, producer, emcee &singer #BlackFemMusic

— Missy Elliott (@MissyElliott) December 23, 2013

What did you get out of the #BlackFemMusic conversation? Were some of your favorite artists and music genres missing from the discussion?

Is #BlackFemMusic solely R+B and Hip Hop? Where are our jazz and classical divas at?

— P. Mimi Poinsett MD (@yayayarndiva) December 23, 2013

What makes a #BlackFemMusic artist? Does Beyonce typify and/or misrepresent this generation of empowered Black women musicians?

Speak on it. Share your brilliance below and on Twitter with @hashtagfeminism. You can also tweet me @kellybycoffee!

Top Feminist Hashtags of 2013 #F

This post originally appeared on December 23, 2013 written by founder, Tara L. Conley. It was the first post of its kind to rank top feminist hashtags of the era.

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Yesterday I posted about the life stories of our favorite feminist hashtags. Today I breakdown the top feminist hashtags of 2013, including: 

#TwitterFeminism #NotYourAsianSideKick #fem2#femfuture #BeyonceThinkPieces #MyFeminismLooksLike #SolidarityIsForWhiteWomen and #FastTailedGirls. Yes, honey, I created an entire infographic. #Geekshit.

If you really appreciate the work, then donate to my labor below. Between working on my dissertation research, consulting projects, and this lovely little start up Hashtag Feminism, it’s fair to say I’m working hella hard this holiday season. Your donations are very much appreciated.

Each hashtag represents it’s own unique entry into conversations dealing with race, gender, sexuality, economic justice, global citizenship, and Ms. Yonce Carter. The infographic below is a visual representation of how the numbers tell these unique stories. The metrics are based on a 30-day sample set ranging from November 22, 2013 to December 22, 2013. Though the sample set does not fully represent exact totals of each hashtag, the sample is representative of the larger qualitative impact these hashtags had over the past year.

Don’t be afraid to click on the infographic, it’s interactive!

Sources: Topsy, Keyhole

Primary takeaways:

• #TwitterFeminism has picked up steam over the past few days, but lags quantitatively in comparison to some of the other hashtags listed below.

• #NotYourAsianSidekick is the fastest growing feminist hashtag to spread globally.

• #fem2 continues to be the longest running, widely used, and consistently referenced feminist hashtag to date.

• #femfuture has lost some traction over the past few months, but continues to remain popular among female [sic] users.

• #BeyonceThinkPieces are especially loved by dudes (or at least that’s how Keyhole’s algorithm represents it).

• #MyFeminismLooksLike is the most image-referenced feminist hashtag.

• #SolidarityIsForWhiteWomen not only sparked a national conversation but birthed a new generation of critical hashtags in 2013 that talked back to the status quo.

• #FastTailedGirls is one of the fastest growing hashtags to date.

What do you think? Given the data and takeaways above, how do you think each hashtag represents the social, political, cultural, and spiritual climate of feminism in 2013? Were your favorite hashtag represented? Where were you when Suey Park (@suey_park) and Mikki Kendall (@Karynthia) tweeted out the first #NotYourAsianSidekick and #SolidarityIsForWhiteWomenhastag, respectively?

Now that we know tweets and hashtags have power, where do we go from here? Share your brilliance in the comments section below!

**Update. I’ve received an overwhelming response about this post and it’s only been up for a few hours. I sincerely appreciate the support. Please donate! I’ve also received responses from a few folks about how and when a particular hashtag was created. I want to acknowledge again that I used Topsy’s tracking to locate the first time each hashtag appeared on Twitter, assuming Topsy’s algorithms are correct. For instance #FastTailedGirls first appeared three years ago, but the term itself did not share the same meaning as it does currently, thanks to Mikki Kendall. Similarly, the hashtag #femfuture first appeared on Twitter four years ago when Shelby Knox tweeted out a request to highlight the work of young activists. Currently #femfuture represents FemFuture.com, an online feminist venture from Vanessa Valenti and Courtney Martin. I wrote about the life story of #femfuture HERE. I want to acknowledge that I understand meaning and context give power to words. I also want people to be aware of the germinating processes involved in creating hashtags. As I tweeted earlier this morning:

Thanks for chiming in everyone! FYI – I’ve explored what it means to invent, create, give meaning to something and make impact previously.

— Tara L. Conley (@taralconley) December 23, 2013

I talk about webs here: http://t.co/g58fMpB7OQ I talk about impactfulness/whirlpooling here: http://t.co/yqE2KddXE7

— Tara L. Conley (@taralconley) December 23, 2013

I acknowledge my methods/methodologies aren’t everyone’s cup of tea, but they’re how I currently understand digital worlds+media ecologies.

— Tara L. Conley (@taralconley) December 23, 2013

It is not my intention to misrepresent the work of those who have in fact given meaning to these hashtags. If anything, I hope to celebrate all those involved this year who purposefully transformed the meaning of words through hashtags.

As such, I’ve amended the infographic to state “first appeared” instead of “creator”. I hope that clears things up.

What does it mean to create or give meaning to something? I hope to explore questions further via #hashtagfeminism http://t.co/MFFou7kVzV #F

— Tara L. Conley (@taralconley) December 23, 2013

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Time spent producing article: 4 hours

I value my labor for producing this article at: $200 USD